光环国际PMP章节练习题
约 21671 字大约 72 分钟
人员
1、 公司有几个项目团队经常因为项目之间互相影响而产生矛盾，比如其他项目的任务不能按时完成而造成自己的项目进度延误，尽管项目经理们经常一起开会协调但收效甚微。他们现在最需要以下哪个角色来解决这类问题？ There are several project teams in a company that often have conflicts due to the interaction between projects, such as other projects' tasks cannot be completed on time, resulting in delays in their own projects. Although project managers often have meetings together, they have little effect. What role do they need to solve these problems most now?
A：项目组合经理Portfolio Manager
B：项目集经理 Program Manager
C：PMO负责人 PMO Leader
D：变更控制委员会 Change Control Board
正确答案：B
解析：题干中强调了项目之间互相影响，表明项目之间有联系，项目集管理就是把有联系的项目打包一起管，因此解决这类冲突是项目集经理的职责。见《PMBOK指南（第6版）》1.2.3.2，P14。混淆选项 C。 PMO 负责人是为众多项目提供通用性的支持和协调工作。除非是指令型 PMO 可能直接管理项目或项目集，见《PMBOK指南（第6版）》2.4.4.3，P48。因此 C 选项勉强沾边儿，B 项目集经理非常吻合。
2、 下面哪一个不属于项目经理的职责？ Which of the following does not belong to the project manager?
A：对技术能力不满足项目要求的团队成员提供针对性技术培训； Provide targeted technical training to team members who do not meet the requirements of the project;
B：在实践中积累经验，持续改进项目管理过程； Accumulate experience in practice and continuously improve project management process;
C：组织编制项目进度计划、预算并控制项目以满足绩效要求；Organize the development of project schedule, budget and control the project to meet the performance requirements;
D：负责交付符合验收标准的项目成果并力争相关方满意。Responsible for delivering the project results that meet the acceptance criteria and strive for the satisfaction of Stakeholders.
正确答案：A
解析：技术能力不满足要求的成员应由所在的职能部门经理负责提供针对性技术培训。项目经理负责的是项目管理知识和能力的培训。
3、 一位职能经理想修改某活动的估算时间。项目经理经过分析后，认为这会导致整个项目的延期。谁有权批准该变更？ A functional manager wants to change an activity duration estimate. The project manager analyzes the change and determines that it will cause a delay to the entire project. Who should authorize the change?
A：高级管理层 Senior management
B：发起人 Project sponsor
C：项目经理 Project manager
D：变更控制委员会Change Control Board
正确答案：D
解析：影响基准的变更都需要经过 CCB 批准。
4、 一个项目相关方要求对项目范围进行重大变更，该变更对于相关方来说至关重要。项目经理对变更开展了必要分析，由于变更对项目成本和进度均会产生显著影响，变更需要得到变更控制委员会（CCB）的批准，但CCB拒绝了这个变更。项目经理接下来应该怎么做？ A project stakeholder requires an important change to the scope of the project, which is critical to the stakeholder. Project manager carries out necessary analysis to the change requirement. Due to the change，project cost and schedule will have significant impacts. This change need to be approved by the change control board (CCB), but the change is refused by CCB. What should the project manager do next?
A：不理会变更控制委员会的决定，实施变更，因为这个变更对这个相关方至关重要，且相关方满意是项目成功的标准； Implement the change despite the decision made by the CCB, because the change is critical to the stakeholder and the satisfaction of stakeholders’ is standard for success of the project.
B：将变更控制委员会的决定记录到变更日志，向相关方和项目团队反馈这个情况； Record the decision of CCB to the change log and feedback the results to the stakeholder and project team truthfully;
C：建议立即停止该项目，进行新的需求收集和风险评估； Recommends stop the project immediately for new requirements gathering and risk assessment;
D：与变更委员会成员分别单独会面，以此来影响他们改变决定。Meeting with members of CCB individually to influence their decision to change.
正确答案：B
解析：变更控制委员会 CCB 的决议就是权威结论，如果否决了变更，项目经理正确的做法应该是记录并告知相关方。
5、 制定项目章程时，一位关键的相关方没有提供任何意见。项目经理反复询问请他提供必要的信息，以便完成宏观需求。虽然项目经理尽力了，情况却没有得到改善。项目经理接下来应该怎么做？ While creating the project charter, a key stakeholder does not offer any input. The project manager repeatedly asks the stakeholder to provide the necessary input to complete the high-level requirements. Despite the project manager's efforts, the situation does not improve. What should the project manager do next?
A：将该相关方从相关方列表中删除 Remove the stakeholder from the stakeholder list.
B：与项目团队假定相关方需求 Assume the requirements of this stakeholder together with project team
C：将意见缺失作为项目风险，添加到主要风险描述中 Add the missing input as a risk to the high-level risk description
D：将该问题上报给项目发起人 Escalate the issue to the project sponsor
正确答案：C
解析：关键相关方意见缺失就是一个重要风险，应体现在章程的风险描述部分。也起到了提醒主要相关方在评审章程时注意。
6、 项目经理正在负责一个为客户进行内部管理信息系统项目。与客户已签署合同并确定了项目章程。但是在开展项目工作过程中，不断遇到客户公司内部不同部门不同层级的各种不配合，甚至阻挠。深入应用以下哪个数据分析可以避免这种情况的发生？ The project manager is responsible for a project of client's internal management information system. Contract with the client has been signed and the project charter has been confirmed. However, in the process of carrying out the project, project manager repeatedly encountered various kinds of incoordination and even obstructions from different levels of different departments within the client company. Which of the following data analysis can be used to avoid this?
A：相关方分析 Stakeholder analysis
B：需求分析 Requirements analysis
C：假设条件和制约因素分析 Assumption and constraint analysis.
D：文件分析 File analysis
正确答案：A
解析：相关方分析是对识别出的相关方，分析他们的权力、态度、影响阶段等信息，做好相关方分析，并管理相关方参与可有效避免题干中的情况。
7、 下面都是项目经理职位带来的权力，除了： All the following are forms of power derived from the project manager's position EXCEPT:
A：正式Formal
B：奖励Reward
C：惩罚Penalty
D：专家Expert
正确答案：D
解析：专家/权威的权力是项目经理自身的权力，非职位带来的权力。
8、 项目团队的一位新成员因为看不懂网络图。也不知道关键路径、浮动时间这些术语很难与项目经理和其他团队成员交流。这个问题应该如何解决？ A new member of the project team is difficult to communicate with the project manager and other team members because he can't know the network diagram, the critical path and the floating time. How should the problem be solved?
A：新成员所在的职能部门经理有责任提供针对性培训；The functional department manager of the new member is responsible for providing targeted training;
B：项目经理有责任为新成员提供针对性培训；Project manager is responsible for providing targeted training to the new member;
C：公司人力资源部有责任为新成员提供针对性培训；The human resources department of the company is responsible for providing targeted training to the new member;
D：要求新成员自学项目管理以满足工作需要。The new member should be required to self-study project management to meet the needs of work.
正确答案：B
解析：团队成员的培训由谁负责，要看需要培训的内容，如果是项目管理的知识和技能就应该由项目经理负责，业务技术和专业技能应该有他的职能经理负责，公司管理规章制度等是由人力资源部负责。当然，安排满足项目工作要求的资源是以上所有管理者的共同责任。
9、 下面哪种冲突解决技术虽然不容易做到，但能做到的话总会带来最满意的效果？ Which of the following conflict resolution technologies is not easy to implement, but will always bring the most satisfying results?
A：强制Forcing
B：缓和Smoothing
C：妥协Compromise
D：解决Problem solving
正确答案：D
解析：合作/解决是冲突解决技术中最好的，双赢且副作用最少，效果最彻底，作用最持久。
10、 项目经理应该把项目团队开会的纪律和表决的规则写进： Which document should the project manager write about meeting discipline and voting rules of the project team?
A：项目章程project charter
B：团队章程team charter
C：沟通管理计划communication management plan
D：相关方参与计划stakeholder engagement plan
正确答案：B
解析：团队章程是为团队创建团队价值观、共识和工作指南的文件。见《PMBOK指南（第6版）》9.1.3.2，P319。
11、 项目经理与团队定期举行虚拟会议。在执行阶段，项目经理注意到两名特定团队成员经常争辩和发生分歧，这导致会议超时并让团队其他成员分心。项目经理应该做什么？ A project manager runs regular virtual meetings with the team. During the execution phase, the project manager notices that two particular team members frequently argue and disagree, which causes meeting overruns and distractions for the rest of the team. What should the project manager do?
A：与团队成员讨论问题，如果继续存在该行为，则寻求管理层的决议 Discuss the issue with the team members,and seek resolution from management if the behavior continues.
B：告知这些团队成员他们的行为违反了团队章程，并将他们从团队中开除 Advise these team members that their behavior violates the team charter, and remove them from the team.
C：要求这些团队成员的职能经理解决这种行为 Ask these team members' functional managers to address this behavior.
D：认识到这是震荡阶段的一部分，并安排团队建设活动 Recognize this as part of the storming stage, and arrange a team-building activity.
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK(6)P338，9.4-建设团队-塔克曼阶梯理论。团队争吵，属于塔克曼阶梯理论的震荡阶段，团队建设是此过程重要的工具。其他选项：AC都是找他人解决，不合适。B直接开除明显不正确。
12、 在一个大型项目快结束时，紧张状态上升，团队成员之间冲突越来越频繁。冲突的焦点是因为两个有宿怨的成员彼此敌对，团队的注意力已经脱离了项目的目标。为了恢复秩序，项目经理打发掉两名团队成员，让其他人代替他们。项目经理使用的是哪种冲突解决策略? At the end of a large project, tensions rise and conflicts between team members become more frequent. The focus of the conflict is because two feuding members are hostile to each other, and the team's attention has been distracted from the project's goals. To restore order, the project manager removed the work of the two members in advance and let others replace them. What kind of conflict resolution strategy does the project manager use?
A：强制 Forcing
B：回避 Avoiding
C：妥协 Compromising
D：解决 Solving
正确答案：A
解析：被强制的一方虽然体验很差，但在情况紧急时，为顾全大局强制也是必要的、有效的正确选择。
13、 在项目规划阶段，项目经理认识到一名项目相关方对项目可交付成果的理解存在分歧，从而造成与该项目相关方的关系紧张。要解决这个问题，项目经理应该怎么做？ During the project planning phase, the project manager realized that a project stakeholder had a disagreement about the understanding of the deliverables, resulting in a tension between the project manager and the stakeholder. What should the project manager do to solve this problem?
A：忽略该项目相关方的意见，根据多数相关方的理解确定项目范围；Ignore the opinions of this stakeholder and define the project scope according to the understanding of majority;
B：安排与这位相关方的会谈，了解造成分歧的原因并积极解决分歧；Arrange meeting with the stakeholder to get the reason of the understanding differences and actively address them;
C：将该问题上报给项目发起人，让他们解决这个问题； Escalate the issue to the project sponsor so that they can solve the problem;
D：让权力更大的其他相关方出面说服这位相关方做出妥协。Ask other stakeholders with greater power to convince this stakeholder to compromise.
正确答案：B
解析：遇到分歧，应首先考虑“合作/解决问题“的冲突解决策略，积极主动正面沟通永远是第一选择。
14、 项目经理发现一名新的团队资源不具备完成分配给其角色所需的技能。项目经理应该做什么？ The project manager finds that a new team resource does not have the skills required to complete the job assigned to him. What should the project manager do?
A：请求该资源的职能经理提供替代资源 Request an alternative resource from the functional manager of the resource
B：与该资源的职能经理开会，制定该资源的发展培训计划 Have a meeting with the functional manager of the resource to develop a development training plan for the resource
C：撤回该资源，并让现有团队成员承担额外角色 Recall the resource and have team members take on additional roles
D：接受该资源，但向其分配更合适的任务以匹配其技能组合 Accept the resource, but assign it more appropriate tasks to match its skill set
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P342，9.4.2.6-培训。对于资源技能上的短板，通常采用培训的方式加以解决，所以排除ACD选项。如果培训的内容在今后的项目中可以复用，那么培训工作通常由职能部门经理负责，反之由项目经理负责。
15、 The project manager is managing a virtual team, and a virtual team member fails to attend several important project meetings. What should the project manager do?
A：直接与该团队成员交谈以澄清期望 Talk directly to the team to clarify expectations
B：向该团队成员的职能经理提出该问题 Raise the issue with the team member's functional manager
C：提醒该团队成员参加下一次团队会议 Remind the team member to attend the next team meeting
D：请求发起人支持举行一次团队建设活动 Request the sponsor to support a team building event
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P345，9.5-管理团队。管理团队是跟踪团队成员工作表现，提供反馈，解决问题并管理团队变更，以优化项目绩效的过程。遇到问题，首先要尝试去分析导致问题产生的原因，然后有针对性的加以解决。
16、 In a typical matrix organization, the project manager receives a resignation letter from an engineer resource. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project is not affected?
A：与职能经理协商安排替代资源 Arrange alternative resources with functional managers
B：请求人力资源经理填补该空缺 Request the Human Resources Manager and use the vacancy
C：延迟接受辞职时间，直至替代资源完全入职 Delay the acceptance of resignations until alternative resources are fully available
D：修改资源管理计划，应对未来的辞职问题 Modify the resource management plan to deal with future resignations
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P332，9.3.2.2-人际关系与团队技能-谈判。“典型矩阵型组织”，资源由职能部门经理提供，所以要去职能部门经理协商获取替代资源，而不是人力资源经理。选项C，错误，有违公平。选项D，解决现有问题后，可能对资源管理计划进行更新，在选项A之后。
17、 The project team consists of members from different functional departments. For these members, project work is an additional responsibility beyond their primary responsibilities. What should the project manager do to have a clear understanding of team members' availability?
A：创建并维护资源日历 Create and maintain a resource calendar
B：制定团队章程 Develop a team charter
C：要求项目发起人与职能经理进行协商 Request the project sponsor and the functional manager to negotiate
D：亲自与职能经理协商 Negotiate with the functional manager personally
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P323，9.2.1.2-项目文件-资源日历。注意审题，“了解团队成员的可用性”，不是询问如何获取资源，所以选项CD排除。选项B，团队章程是团队运行的基本规则。
18、 The project team has successfully delivered the project, and this success is partly attributed to effective team building. Which of the following has the greatest contribution to effective team building?
A：有效的组织过程 A valid group process
B：灵活的变更控制程序 Flexible change control procedures
C：有规律的团队会议 Regular team meetings
D：挑战性的项目目标 Challenging project objectives
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P341，9.4.2.4-人际关系与团队技能-团队建设。团队建设是通过举办各种活动，强化团队的社交关系，打造积极合作的工作环境。团队建设活动既可以是状态审查会上的五分钟议程，也可以是为改善人际关系而设计的、在非工作场所专门举办的专业提升活动。
19、 The project teams are less motivated and less productive, which can put project schedules at risk. What should the project manager do to encourage the team?
A：了解团队成员的个人需要，并通过满足他们的需要鼓励其提高绩效 Understand the individual needs of team members and meet their needs to encourage them to improve their assessment
B：运用服务型领导法并计划团队建设活动，以帮助鼓励团队成员提高绩效 Apply a service-based leadership approach and plan team building activities to help encourage team members to improve the law
C：审查团队章程，并使用与团队成员的个人需要相关的行动更新团队章程 Review the team charter and update the team charter with actions related to the individual needs of the team members
D：请求项目发起人提供可为团队建设活动分配的额外预算 Request the project sponsor to provide additional budget that can be assigned to team building activities
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）341，9.4.2.5-认可与奖励。情景中没有提到团队成员之间的配合出现问题，所以不宜开展团队建设活动。此时宜结合组织理论，对团队成员进行激励，提升其积极性，排除BD选项。选项C，团队章程是团队运行的基本规则。
20、 项目经理无法实施变更，因为实施变更所需的资源不直接归属项目经理的职权。项目经理可以使用什么方法来实施变更？ The project manager cannot implement the change because the resources required to implement the changes are not directly in the project manager's authority. What methods can the project manager use to implement changes?
A：安排角色与职责分配会议，以审查项目组织结构图 Schedule role and responsibility assignment meetings to review the project organization chart
B：更新变更管理计划以包含组织资产并使用已批准的计划 Update the change management plan to include organizational assets and use approved plans
C：请求项目发起人将所有变更请求直接发送给该工作所需的资源 Request the project sponsor to send all the change requests directly to the resources required for the work
D：请求该工作所需的资源直接分配给项目经理 Allocate the resources required for the work directly to the project manager
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P332，9.3.2.2-人际关系与团队技能-谈判。题干中的问题不出在变更控制流程上，而是出在了资源的控制权限上。对于资源的控制权限，通常首先采用协商的方式进行解决。选项BCD，变更管理计划是基于共识的结果，未形成新的共识之前，单方面的更新变更管理计划仍然不具备可行性。
21、 项目经理发现其中一名团队成员在没有通知项目经理的情况下与客户沟通项目可交付成果和项目进度事宜。项目经理应该做什么？ The project manager finds that one of the team members communicated with the client about project deliverables and project schedule without notifying the project manager. What should the project manager do?
A：与该团队成员沟通资源分解结构（RBS）Communicate the Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS) with the team member
B：在下一次计划的进度会议中讨论该情况 Discuss the situation at the next planned schedule meeting
C：与该团队成员沟通执行、负责、咨询和知情（RACI）图表 Communicate the Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed (RACI) charts with the team member
D：每天向客户发送包含团队成就更新的电子邮件Send daily e-mails to customers with updates on team achievements
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P317，9.1.2.2-数据表现-RACI矩阵。从情景描述看，团队成员没有遵循沟通管理计划，应该首先强调沟通管理计划的重要性，但是选项中没有，所以强调一下团队职责角色也没错。选项A，资源分解结构是资源的分类。选项B，问题不是出在进度上。选项D，遵循沟通管理计划进行沟通。
22、 客户和硬件工程团队对用于衡量质量的控制图现值意见不一致。项目经理与两个相关方开会并听取他们的意见，为了继续该项目，项目经理觉得使用双方意见的平均值。这属于下列哪一项的实例？ The customers and hardware engineering teams disagree on the present value of the control chart used to measure quality. The project manager meets with two stakeholders and listens to their opinions. In order to continue the project, the project manager believes that the average of b the present values provided by both stakeholders should be used. Which of the following examples does this belong to?
A：缓解 Ease
B：妥协 Compromise
C：解决问题 Problem solving
D：协作 Collaboration
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P348，9.5.2.1-人际关系与团队技能-冲突管理。“适用双方意见的平均值”，冲突的双方都做出了让步，属于妥协策略。
23、 一位项目团队成员决定优先处理职能性工作，而不是项目中被分配的任务，项目经理如何确保项目和所有任务保持正轨？ How does the project manager ensure that the project and all tasks are on track when a project team member decides to prioritize functional work rather than tasks assigned in the project?
A：与该团队成员讨论动机，以更好地了解其工作量 Discuss motivations with the team member to better understand their workload
B：与该团队成员的职能经理会面，建议将项目任务纳入绩效考核 Have a meeting with the team member's functional manager and recommend that project tasks be included in the performance review
C：为该团队成员提供薪酬激励，以完成所分配的项目工作 Provide compensation incentives to the team member to complete the assigned project work
D：将该团队成员的不合格情况升级上报给其职能经理并请求其他资源 Escalate the team member's nonconformity to their functional manager and request additional resources
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P350，9.5.2.1-人际关系与团队技能-影响力。题干关键词“优先处理职能性工作”。矩阵环境中，团队成员实际由职能经理管理，职能经理具有评估绩效等对员工的企业实际权力。项目经理没有实际管理权力，在题目中当资源在项目和行政工作存在冲突并且优先处理行政工作时，需要与其职能经理（资源相关方）协商来解决该问题。选项B，因在矩阵企业，对资源滞后处理项目工作，应与资源上级即职能经理协商，以促进完成项目工作，选项中“将项目工作纳入绩效考核”是合适的方案。 选项A错误，这不是工作量的问题，而是工作优先级的问题；选项C错误，认可和奖励应该在团队成员有优良表现时施行；选项D错误，采取的措施极端且消极。
24、 一位有影响力的职能领导从项目中开除了一位关键团队资源，这一行动将对关键路径上的活动造成负面影响。项目经理应该做什么？ An influential functional leader removes a key team resource from the project, which will negatively impacts activities on the critical path. What should the project manager do?
A：与该职能领导协商，并影响其转变决定 Consult with the functional leadership and influence their transition decisions
B：让发起人与该职能领导讨论这名资源的重要性 Have the sponsor discuss the importance of this resource with the functional leader
C：分析对项目管理计划的影响并提交变更请求 Analyze the impact on the project management plan and submit change requests
D：遵循资源管理计划获取替代资源 Follow the resource management plan to obtain alternative resources
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P357，9.6.3.2-变更请求。题干关键词“造成负面影响”、“该怎么做”。资源的变动对项目进度产生里负面影响，定位在9.6控制资源。这时应该考虑按整体变更控制流程提交变更请求，选C。选项ABD都是在C之后可能采取的行动之一。
25、 项目经理领导着一个系统开发人员和最终用户团队，以便实施一个新的财务系统。项目经理获悉，最终用户的财务经理对于分配给最终用户的任务有不同意见。项目经理应如何解决这一冲突？ The project manager leads a team of system developers and end users to implement a new financial system. The project manager was informed that the end user's finance manager had different views on the tasks assigned to the end user. How should the project manager resolve this conflict?
A：向该财务经理强调该新系统的重要性，并强调进度计划非常紧凑 Emphasize the importance of the new system to the finance manager and stress that the schedule is very tight
B：修订项目进度计划，争取项目发起人同意延长项目时限 Revise the project schedule to obtain the agreement of the project sponsor to extend the project time range
C：向该财务经理的直接主管报告该冲突和该决定背后的理由 Escalate the conflict and the reasons behind the decision to the finance manager's immediate supervisor
D：与该财务经理展开对话，了解产生分歧的原因并达成共识 Start a conversation with the finance manager to understand the reasons for the disagreement and reach a consensus
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P348，9.5.2.1-人际关系与团队技能-冲突管理。题干关键词“解决这一冲突”。在五种冲突解决策略中，合作和解决问题策略可以带来双赢局面，优先考虑；D提到了共识，优选。A属于强迫/命令；B属于缓和/包容；C属于撤退/回避。
26、 某项目的项目经理观察到，某些项目团队成员开展项目的积极性不高。项目经理该如何应对这种情况？ The project manager of a project observed that some project team members were less motivated to start projects. How should the project manager deal with this situation?
A：安排积极性不高的项目团队成员参加培训课程，以便提高他们的积极性 Arrange training meetings for project team members with low motivation to increase their motivation
B：尽力理解积极性不高团队成员的情况，询问他们是否愿意转到其他项目工作，尽管这可能会影响项目可交付成果 Try to understand situations in which team members are less motivated and ask if they would like to move on to another project, even if it may affect project deliverables
C：查看项目组织图，确定是否可向积极性不高的团队成员委以不同的职责，然后更新沟通管理计划 Review the project organization chart to determine if different responsibilities can be assigned to less motivated team members, and then update the communications management plan
D：尽力理解积极性不高的团队成员的情况，了解他们的问题，让他们参阅资源管理计划，了解相关角色与职责以及团队建设方面的培训策略。 Try to understand the situation of less motivated team members, understand their issues, refer them to the resource management plan, learn about roles and responsibilities, and develop training strategies for team building
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P348，9.5.2.1-人际关系与团队技能。 题干关键词“积极性不高”。 积极性不高是个问题，应当确定背后的原因，然后采取对策。 选项A错误，还没弄清楚背后原因，就盲目安排培训，不妥；选项B错误，转到其他项目工作是消极做法；选项C错误，没弄清原因就另外委派，不妥；选项D正确，既了解背后的原因，又让成员明白他们的职责，并根据需要组织培训，优选。
27、 在某项目的监督阶段，项目经理发现了项目工作人员未使用经验教训更新项目文档。项目经理应如何应对这种情况？ During the supervision phase of a project, the project manager discovered that the project staff was not using lessons learned to update the project documentation. How should the project manager respond to this situation?
A：将经验教训连同简明的行动计划记入问题日志 Document the lessons learned along with a concise action plan in the issue log
B：审查经验教训的记录过程，并将之告知项目团队 Review the documented process of learning and communicate it to the project team
C：举行培训会议，为项目团队成员提供经验教训 Execute training meetings to provide lessons learned to project team members
D：请求项目成员将所有经验教训发给项目经理 Ask project members to send all lessons learned to the project manager
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P342，9.4.2.6-培训。 题干关键词“未使用经验教训更新项目文档”。 本题用排除法为宜。 选项A错误，问题日志中不会记载经验教训的具体内容； 选项B错误，经验教训的记录过程本身没有问题，简单告知团队不能彻底解决问题； 选项C正确，通过培训提高团队成员的能力； 选项D错误，收集经验教训不是靠项目经理一个人。
28、 首席执行官（CEO）发布说明，为了改进各项目之间的资源分配，明年将对当前的职能型组织结构作出调整，转而采用一种矩阵结构。当项目经理就该决定对当前项目的影响询问人力资源经理时，人力资源经理说现有项目的资源分配不会有变。根据这一回答，项目经理仍应审查以下哪项？ The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) announced that in order to improve the allocation of resources between projects, next year, the current functional organizational structure will be adjusted to adopt a matrix structure. When the project manager asked the human resource manager about the impact of the decision on the current project, the human resource manager said that the resource allocation of the existing project would not change. Based on this answer, which of the following should still be reviewed by the project manager?
A：风险管理计划 The risk management plan
B：责任分配矩阵（RAM） The Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
C：资源分解结构 The resource breakdown structure
D：相关方参与计划 The Stakeholder engagement plan
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P317，9.1.2.2-数据表现-责任分配矩阵。 题干关键词“组织结构”、“资源分配不会有变”。 组织结构发生变化，项目经理关心的是工作包、活动与团队成员之间的关系是否发生了变化，因此要去审查RAM，选B。 选项AD属于知识领域定位错误； 选项C是按资源类别和类型进行展现的层级列表，不能说明人与工作包之间的关系。
29、 The members of a project team come from multiple functional departments and are born in different times, which leads to their different viewpoints, thoughts and ideas. How should the project manager ensure that the project is effectively executed?
A：帮助营造通力协作的决策环境，以便团队能够集体负责开展工作 Help create a collaborative decision-making environment where the team can work collectively
B：当团队成员之间存在分歧时，采用举手表决这种决策技术 Use a show of hands as the decision-making technique when there is a disagreement among team members
C：根据项目管理计划执行项目，并指派团队成员开展项目进度计划中的任务 Execute the project according to the project management plan and assign team members to carry out the tasks in the project schedule
D：咨询采购专业人士，以识别潜在问题和团队所需知识资本 Consult purchasing professionals to identify potential issues and the knowledge capital required by the team
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P386，10.2.2.6-人际关系与团队技能-人际交往、政治意识。 题干关键词“来自于多个职能部门”、“生于不同的时代”“不同观点、思想、想法”。 本题采用排除法为宜。 选项B错误，题干不涉及决策； 选项C错误，题干与进度计划无关； 选项D错误，题干与采购无关，也不需要做有关知识资本的工作。 综合来看，A是最佳选项。
30、 某项目处于执行阶段，项目团队已经经过规范阶段，现处于成熟阶段。该团队出色地完成大量工作，项目经理希望奖励项目团队成员，但不确定这样做是否会影响团队的积极性。项目经理该做什么？ A project is in the execution phase, and the project team has passed the standardization phase and is now in the mature phase. The team has done a lot of work well, and the project manager wants to reward project team members, but is not sure whether doing so will affect the enthusiasm of the team. What should the project manager do?
A：在项目整个运行过程中给予团队认可，而非等项目完成才这样做 Give the team credit throughout the project, rather than waiting until the project is complete
B：意识到此时奖励项目团队可能会影响他们的工作动力，因此要等待适当的时机 Realize that rewarding the project team at this point may affect their motivation, so wait for the right moment
C：信任项目团队，并宣布将执行阶段结束后奖励最佳团队成员 Trust the project team and announce that the best team members will be rewarded at the closure phase of the execution phase
D：注意项目团队成员的表现，等进入收尾阶段后对相关团队成员给予奖励 Pay attention to the performance of project team members, and reward relevant team members after they enter the closure phase
正确答案：A
解析：PMAOK（6）P341，9.4.2.4-人际关系与团队技能-认可与奖励。 题干关键词“奖励”。 项目经理应该在整个项目生命周期中尽可能地给予表彰，而不是等到项目完成时，故选A。 选项BCD都不能及时地给予团队认可和表彰，错误。
31、 管理某公司所有资源的职能部门经理决定将一位资源从一个项目调到另一个项目，但却未告知这两个项目经理。这两位项目经理应该做什么？ The functional manager who manages all of a company's resources decides to transfer one resource from one project to another without informing both project managers. What should the two project managers do?
A：请求该职能部门经理停止实施该变更 Request the functional manager to stop implementing the change
B：要求该职能部门经理提出变更请求 Request a change request from the functional manager
C：向项目管理办公室（PMO）上报该问题 Escalate the issue to the Project Management Office (PMO)
D：要求与该职能部门经理开会确定解决方案 Request a meeting with the functional manager to determine a solution
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P356，9.6.2.2-问题解决。 职能经理管理公司所有资源，在发生调换成员后，应实现和职能经理开会，正面沟通情况以解决问题。ABC都是直接解决，是不合适的，选项AB在没有和职能经理沟通的情况下要求职能经理停止变更或者提变更请求，并不能有效解决问题。其中C直接上报领导不合适，没有尽到项目经理的责任。
32、 项目经理在分配任务和调用团队成员方面遇到问题，某些团队成员也在做一些与项目无关的任务。为什么发生这些问题？ The project manager is having problems assigning tasks and calling team members, and some team members are doing tasks unrelated to the project. Why do these issues occur?
A：项目经理没有实施职能所需的职权 The project manager does not have the authority necessary to carry out the function
B：团队成员不能胜任项目工作 Team members are not competent for the project
C：相关方未推动项目团队开展工作 The stakeholder did not promote the project team to carry out work
D：项目进展比项目管理计划提前 The project schedule is ahead of the project management plan
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P357，9.6.2.3-人际关系与团队技能-影响力。关键词“项目经理在分配任务和调用团队成员方面遇到问题”，项目经理在管理团队的能力有缺失，做得不够好。选项A指向项目经理没有行使应有的职权，影响力以及调配项目工作。选A。 选项B错误，问题的原因不在于团队成员不能胜任；选项C错误，相关方的推动与否不是这个问题的原因；选项D错误，与进度无关。
33、 After the project manager joins an on-execution project, he finds that the stakeholder identification are not executed. What should the project manager do?
A：审查项目移交文件以确定是否有必要进行相关方识别 Review the project handover documents to identify whether stakeholder identification is necessary
B：执行相关方识别，制定相关方登记册，并更新风险登记册 Execute stakeholder identification, develop the stakeholder register and update the risk register
C：规划相关方参与并评估相关方对项目的潜在影响 Plan stakeholder engagement and evaluate the potential impact of stakeholder on the project
D：通知项目发起人，将该活动包含在项目范围中，并确保由额外的资源来处理该活动 Inform the project sponsor to include the activity in the project scope and ensure additional resources to handle the activity
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P507，13.1-识别相关方。“未执行相关方识别”，那就需要将该活动补上。选项A，相关方识别是有必要的。选项C，规划相关方参与要基于对相关方分析的结果。选项D，项目范围在规划阶段确定，另外对相关方的管理是项目经理的责任。
34、 It typically takes about two hours to hold weekly project meetings to review the entire project. It was regrettable, however, that the project sponsor did not attend the last three meetings. What should the project manager do to make a variation?
A：与项目发起人举行碰头会，讨论具有特定兴趣的任何话题 Hold a meeting with the project sponsor to discuss any topic of specific interest
B：通过电子邮件向项目发起人发送与项目状态相关的所有信息 Send all information about the status of the project to the project sponsor via e-mail
C：重新安排上次会议，并邀请项目发起人参加新会议 Reschedule the last meeting and invite the project sponsor to the new meeting
D：要求项目发起人派代理人参加未来所有会议 Request the project sponsor to send an agent to attend all future meetings
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P530，13.4-监督相关方参与。“项目发起人”做为一个关键相关方没有对项目表示出积极的态度，需要对问题进行分析，然后加以解决。所以先与相关方会面了解他的期望是正确的管理实践。情景中聚焦在了相关方管理领域，而不是信息的传递，所以排除选项BCD。
35、 The project manager is documenting the stakeholder engagement of a project involved with a large number of stakeholders. The project manager is not clear about the relationship between the stakeholders. What should the project manager do to understand these stakeholders more clearly?
A：构建相关方思维导图 Build a Mind-Mapping for the stakeholders
B：审查各相关方过往的项目文件 Review past project documents of all stakeholders
C：审查相关方参与度评估矩阵 Review the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
D：请求与发起人和团队开会讨论相关方事宜 Request a meeting with the sponsor and team to discuss matters concerned with the stakeholders
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P521，13.2.2-规划相关方参与-思维导图。思维导图用于对相关方信息、相互关系以及他们与组织的关系进行可视化整理。选项C，相关方参与度评估矩阵用于将相关方当前参与水平与期望参与水平进行比较。选项D，发起人通常出现在启动和收尾两个过程。
36、 在一个新项目的规划阶段，公司重组改变了许多员工的角色。项目经理下一步应该做什么？ During the planning phase of a new project, the company restructuring changes the roles of many employees. What should the project manager do next?
A：更新相关方登记册 Update the stakeholder register
B：审查需求跟踪矩阵，并重新制定商业论证 Review the requirements traceability matrix and recreate the business case
C：请求发起人允许变更项目管理计划 Request the sponsor to allow changes to the project management plan
D：加快项目交付进度计划，以避免范围蔓延 Speed up project delivery schedules to avoid scope creep
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P507，13.1识别相关方。“公司重组改变了许多员工的角色”，是组织中员工的角色发生了改变，所以情景中的问题属于相关方管理而不是资源管理。选项B，商业论证侧重项目是否值得投资，与情景不符。选项C，是否需要变更项目管理计划，要对相关方发生变化后的影响分析后做出决策，在选项A之后。选项D，情景中没有提到人员的变动带来进度延迟的风险。
37、 项目经理正在为一个项目工作。该项目由于人员流动，相关方登记册经常发生变化。若要请内部确保相关方都能了解他们的职责，项目经理应该做什么？ The project manager is working on a project. The stakeholder register changes frequently due to personnel turnover. What should the project manager do if the internal insurance stakeholders are asked to understand their responsibilities?
A：定期与所有相关方召开面对面会议 Have regular face-to-face meetings with all stakeholders
B：确保更新和沟通相关方参与计划 Ensure to update and communicate stakeholder engagement plan
C：每当新的相关方加入项目时，安排一次团队建设活动 Schedule a team building event whenever a new stakeholder joins the project
D：让相关方在下一次团队建设活动中进行非正式自我介绍 Have the stakeholder introduce himself informally at the next team building event
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P523，13.3-管理相关方参与。管理相关方参与是与相关方进行沟通和协作以满足其需求与期望、处理问题，并促进相关方合理参与的过程。选项ACD是可能出现在B选项中的内容。
38、 项目经理发现某可交付成果已被多次拒绝。项目经理调查发现，每次做出改进后，某关键相关方就会拒绝该可交付成果。项目经理如何才能推进该项目？ The project manager found that a deliverable had been rejected several times. The project manager finds through investigation that each time an improvement is made a certain key stakeholder rejects the deliverable. How can the project manager move the project forward?
A：引入主题专家（SME），以提高可交付成果的质量，然后更新验收标准 Introduce subject matter experts (SMEs) to improve the quality of deliverables and then update acceptance criteria
B：记录项目发起人的新需求，并确保其开发 Document the new requirements of the project sponsor and ensure their development
C：更新质量管理计划，然后指派一位团队成员对该可交付成果进行返工 Update the quality management plan, and then assign a team member to rework the deliverables
D：参照商定的验收标准，以便相关方能够接受该可交付成果 Refer to the agreed acceptance criteria, so that the stakeholder can accept the deliverable
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P523，13.3-管理相关方参与。管理相关方参与是与相关方进行沟通和协作以满足其需求与期望、处理问题，并促进相关方合理参与的过程。选项A，情景中没有描述当前的验收标准是否存在问题。选项B，问题出在“关键相关方”而不是“发起人”。选项C，尚未判断问题出在哪里，就对可交付成果进行返工，过于武断。
39、 项目经理加入一个新的创新项目，但其中一个相关方未能提供其需求。项目经理应该做什么？ The project manager joins a new project, but one of the stakeholders fails to provide his needs. What should the project manager do?
A：制定项目章程，然后与该相关方分享 Develop a project charter and share it with the stakeholder
B：完成项目可交付成果，并在执行期间添加该相关的需求 Complete the project deliverables and add the related requirements during execution
C：通知发起人该相关方未能提供其需求 Notify the sponsor that the stakeholder has failed to provide its requirements
D：在继续之前，联系该相关方以获得其需求 Before continuing, contact the stakeholder to obtain its needs
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P523，13.3-管理相关方参与。"未能提供其需求“，并不代表相关方就没有需求，为了避免项目相关方的期望出现遗漏，项目经理要对相关方进行管理，了解其期望。选项A，在选项D之后。选项B，相关方的需求会影响到可交付成果的验收标准，所以B选项逻辑错误。选项C，对相关方管理是项目经理的职责。
40、 一个中型项目的项目经理最近得知一些相关方强烈反对正在实施的项目。若要解决这种问题，项目经理应该做什么？ A medium-sized project manager recently learned that some stakeholders strongly oppose the project being implemented. What should the project manager do to solve this issue?
A：对相关方进行优先级排序，以便更好地了解如何处理这些问题 Prioritize stakeholders to better understand how this issue is handled
B：向所有相关方发送调查问卷，以确定他们在项目中的利益 Send questionnaires to all stakeholders to determine the benefits in the project
C：根据专家判断，与相关方沟通并解决他们的顾虑。 According to expert judgment, communicate with the stakeholder and address their concerns
D：安排相关方研讨会，以解决为何不应该执行项目的任何顾虑 Schedule stakeholder workshops to address any concerns about why projects should not be implemented
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P528，13.3.2.5-会议。管理相关方参与是与相关方进行沟通和协作以满足其需求与期望、处理问题，并促进相关方合理参与的过程。在管理相关方过程中，我们可以使用会议的方式解决与相关方参与相关的问题，此题选择D。
41、 在审查项目可交付成果时，相关方之间就是否正式接受可交付成果存在分歧，项目经理应该使用什么来解决该分歧？ When reviewing project deliverables, there are variations between the stakeholders as to whether to formally accept deliverables. What should the project manager use to resolve the disagreement?
A：相关方参与计划 The stakeholder engagement plan
B：资源管理计划 The resource management plan
C：质量管理计划 The quality management plan
D：范围管理计划 The scope management plan
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P522，13.2.3.1-相关方参与计划。相关方参与计划是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。“是否正式接受”，没有提到是质量问题所造成的分歧。分歧的焦点是由对项目存有不同的期望，所以要从相关方管理上去解决问题，而不是从范围管理上去解决问题，排除D选项。
42、 项目经理计划召开开工会议，并准备一份全面的演示文稿，在开工会议期间出席的人员承诺支持该项目，但是在项目开始后项目经理注意到一些相关方根本没有参与。若要避免这个问题，项目经理应该事先做什么？ The project manager plans to hold an kick-off meeting and prepare a comprehensive presentation in which the participants commit to supporting the project, but after the project starts, the project manager notices that some stakeholders are not involved at all. What should the project manager do beforehand to avoid this issue?
A：进行相关方分析 Execute a stakeholder analysis
B：确保相关方充分了解范围 Ensure that the stakeholders are fully aware of the scope
C：确保所有相关方均收到开工会议记录，其中记录了所有相关方协议 Ensure that all stakeholders receive the minutes of the initiation meeting, which document all stakeholder agreements
D：请求发起人确保相关方职能经理的承诺 Request the sponsor to ensure the commitment of the stakeholder functional manager
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P533，13.4.2-监督相关方参与-相关方分析。题干中的关键字：“项目开始后”“一些相关方没有参与”“事先做什么”。根据关键字，题目要求找出相关方知识领域在执行之前的相关内容，比如相关方参与计划或相关方登记册等，所以选项A正确。题目中明确相关方出席了开工会议，所以相关方了解范围也同时收到了会议记录，排除BC。发起人不负责确保职能经理承诺，排除D。
43、 A large software development project with a high-income team with more than 50 project members is in the execution phase, project requirements have been collected, and the project team completed the first module within two months, the results have been submitted to the stakeholder, and the team has been approved, but the stakeholder have not communicated before notifying the team of the new requirements. To avoid this issue, what should the project manager do during the execution phase?
A：召开状态会议和回顾会议，以发现意外的需求并更新项目管理计划 Hold status meetings and retrospective meetings to identify unexpected needs and update project management plans
B：与发起人交流并解释该情况，以获得更多时间来修改新的相关方需求 Talk to the sponsor and explain the situation to get more time to modify the new stakeholder requirements
C：举行头脑风暴会议以再次收集范围管理计划中的需求，并一起执行所有需求 Hold brainstorm meetings to re-collect the requirements in the scope management plan and execute all the requirements together
D：创建相关方分析，以了解个人期望，帮助规划正确的方法以便立即编译所有需求 Create stakeholder analysis to understand individual expectations and help plan the right approach to compile all requirements immediately
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P523，13.3-管理相关方参与。题干中的关键字：“相关方通知新需求之前未沟通”“若要避免这个问题”。根据题意需要寻找防止问题发生的方法，题目中明确相关方的需求未识别。所以需要进行相关方分析来确认相关方对项目的期望。选项D正确。回顾和获得更多的时间都时解决问题的方法，不是防止的方法，排除AB。头脑风暴也是收集需求的办法，但是不解决不了解相关方需求的问题，排除C。
44、 During the deployment of an enterprise resource management system, the Finance Director resigned and was replaced by the new Finance Director. What should the project manager do?
A：发布更新联系人列表和相关方登记册的变更请求，以包含该财务总监 Post a change request to update the contact list and stakeholder register to include the Finance Director
B：将项目文档发送给该财务总监，并请求其进行审查 Send the project document to the Finance Director and request his or her review
C：请新财务总监更新项目成本管理计划 Request the new Finance Director to update the project cost management plan
D：与新的财务总监开会，以介绍项目并了解它们的参与情况 Have a meeting with the new Finance Director to present the projects and understand their engagement
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P514，13.1.3.1-相关方登记册。题干中的关键字：“财务总监辞职并由新财务总监取代”。根据题目可知，有新的相关方加入，需要更新相关方登记册，选项A正确。财务总监不一定有审查和更新项目文档的权限，排除BC。了解新的财务总监的需求在更新相关方登记册之后，排除D。
45、 一位项目经理是在执行阶段中间刚刚任命的，该项目被延迟，且两个重要相关方对项目目标有分歧，文档规定不能与任意相关方直接互动，应将此角色留给公司的首席信息官。项目经理应该做什么？ A project manager was appointed in the middle of the execution phase, the project was delayed, and two key stakeholders disagreed on the project objectives, and the documentation stated that no direct interaction with any of the stakeholders should be left to the company's Chief Information Officer. What should the project manager do?
A：执行根本原因分析并升级上报给这两个重要的相关方 Execute root cause analysis and escalate to these two important stakeholders
B：执行相关方分析，并将该问题升级上报给高级管理层 Execute a stakeholder analysis and escalate the issue to senior management
C：执行假设条件和制约因素分析，并审查相关方参与计划 Execute an analysis of assumptions and constraints and review the stakeholder engagement plan
D：执行数据分析并审查相关方的角色与职责矩阵 Execute data analysis and review the roles and responsibilities matrix of the stakeholders
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P512，13.1.2.3-数据分析-相关方分析。题干中的关键字：“两个相关方对项目目标有分歧”“文档规定不能与任意相关方直接互动”。由题干可知，相关方对目标有分歧，需要了解每个相关方他们的目标时什么。所以执行分析，并根据提示提交给高层，选项B正确。根本原因分析没有相关方分析直接，排除A。相关方参与计划与项目目标无关，排除C。角色和职责矩阵与项目目标无关，排除D。
46、 A complex project with many stakeholders is in the execution phase, at which point the project sponsor changes due to management's decision. What should the project manager do when he hears about the new project sponsor?
A：将项目发起人变更的情况告知变更控制委员会(CCB)，并使之获批。 Inform the Change Control Board (CCB) of the change of the project sponsor and approve it
B：安排与新项目发起人举行紧急会议，告知其最新的工作绩效状态。 Schedule a contingency meeting with the new project sponsor to inform them of their latest work performance status
C：告知新项目发起人，需要先完成详细的工作交接才能推荐项目 Inform the new project sponsor that a detailed handover of work is required before the project can be recommended
D：安排与新项目发起人开会，了解战略目标，确保理解一致 Arrange meetings with new project sponsors to understand strategic objectives and ensure consistent understanding
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P512，13.1.2.3-数据分析-相关方分析。题干中的关键字：“项目发起人发生变更”。发起人发生了变化，由于发起人负责项目章程，所以需要和其确认他对项目目标的认识和当前项目目标保持一致，选项D正确。发起人变化和变更无关，排除A。了解工作绩效在D选项之后，排除B。选项C和题目无关，排除。
47、 在启动会议后，项目经理对相关方的权利和利益有了更深的了解。项目经理应将这些信息记在何处？ After the initiation meeting, the project manager has a better understanding of the rights and interests of the stakeholders. Where should the project manager keep this information?
A：相关方参与计划 The Stakeholder engagement plan
B：相关方的机密记录 Confidential records of the stakeholders
C：沟通管理计划 The Communications management plan
D：风险登记册 The risk register
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P522，13.2.3.1-相关方参与计划。题干中的关键字：“相关方的权利和利益”“记在何处”。概念性题目，相关方登记册或者相关方参与计划，选项A正确。选项B在PMBOK中不存在，排除。沟通管理计划和风险等级册不包含相关方的权利利益，排除CD。
48、 某项目正在其生命周期的不同阶段取得进展，当前的项目相关方不再参与项目工作，项目经理首先应该做什么？ A project is making schedule at different phases of its life cycle; the current project stakeholder is no longer involved in the project. What should the project manager do first?
A：与受项目工作或项目结果影响最大的相关方协商 Negotiate with the stakeholders most affected by the project's work or project results
B：审视相关方所在社区，并更新相关方参与计划 Review the communities in which the stakeholders are located and update stakeholder engagement plan
C：确保所有团队成员都参加相关方参与的活动 Ensure that all team members engage in the activities of the stakeholder
D：了解富有成效的相关方参与的价值 Understand the value of engaging productive stakeholders
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P535，13.4.3.3-相关方参与计划。题干中的关键字：“相关方不再参与项目工作”。项目经理需要做的事情就是提高相关方的参与，所以选择能够提高全体相关方参与的选项，选项B正确。仅管理最大的相关方不能保证项目成功，排除A。团队参加相关方活动不能保证相关方参与，C排除。相关方参与的价值无需了解，相关方知识领域的价值就是相关方参与的价值，排除D。
49、 项目经理注意到，随着项目一拖再拖，很多相关方包括项目发起人都不出席项目状态通报会或阅读项目状态沟通报告。项目经理如何才能提高相关方的参与度？ The project manager notices that as the project drags on, and many stakeholders, including project sponsors, do not attend the project status briefing or read the project status communication report. How can a project manager increase the engagement of stakeholders?
A：修订沟通管理计划 Revise the communications management plan
B：使用他们自己的网络联系和影响相关方 Use their own networks to connect and influence stakeholders
C：修订相关方参与计划 Revise
the stakeholder engagement plan
D：规定必须出席这些会议 Stipulate that these meetings must be attended
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P535，13.4.3.3-项目管理计划更新-相关方参与计划。题干关键字：“相关方拒不参加”“阻挠项目”“提高相关方参与”。题目中要求我们找到在执行过程中提高相关方的参与程度，选项C正确。沟通管理计划不提高相关方参与度，排除A。影响相关方也需要按照相关方参与计划来执行，排除B。规定必须出席太强硬，排除D。
50、 某项目预测会在运行过程中出现重要变更。项目经理发现，关键相关方拒不参加需求收集会，阻挠项目取得进展。项目经理应采取哪些措施提高相关方的参与度？ A project forecasts significant changes in the course of operation. The project manager found that the refusal of key stakeholders to engage in the demand gathering prevented the project from scheduleing. What should the project manager do to increase the engagement of the stakeholders?
A：使用相关方参与度评估矩阵，识别相关方阻挠哪些方面工作，并与其建立积极的关系，消除其顾虑 Use the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix to identify areas of obstruction and build positive relationships with stakeholders to address their concerns
B：通过将该问题上报给项目指导委员会促使人们更加关注这一情况，并遵循高级管理人员的建议。 Make people more concerned about the situation by escalating the issue to the project steering committee, and follow the recommendations of senior management
C：先将该问题记入风险日志，并评估对项目进度计划的影响，然后再将之上报给项目指导委员会。 Document the issue in the risk log and assess the impact on the project schedule, before escalating it to the project steering committee
D：将所有已知需求纳入范围管理计划，并获得所有关键相关方批准 Include all known requirements in the scope management plan and obtain approval from all key stakeholders
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P533，13.4.2-监督相关方参与-工具与技术。题干关键字：“相关方拒不参加”“阻挠项目”“提高相关方参与”。题目中要求我们找到在执行过程中提高相关方的参与程度，选项A正确。项目还未脱离项目经理控制，无需上报，排除BC。题目中无范围相关的内容，排除D。
51、 某项目经理正在制定最终的项目进度计划，正在与相关方一起进行最终审核。某技术相关方未出席该重要会议。项目经理接下来应该采取什么措施？ A project manager is developing a final project schedule and is working with the stakeholders to finally review it. A technique stakeholder did not attend the important meeting. What should the project supervisor do next?
A：将该相关方问题上报给项目发起人，以寻求支持 Escalate the stakeholder issue to the project sponsor for support
B：在该技术相关方参加的下次项目团队会议上讨论该技术问题 Discuss the technical issue at the next project team meeting attended by the technique stakeholder
C：提交项目进度计划，以便所有相关方都能达成共识并批准该进度计划 Submit a project schedule so that all stakeholders can reach agreements and approve the schedule
D：与该技术相关方开会，单独询问其意见，与其达成一致意见 Have a meeting with the technique stakeholders, ask for their opinions individually, and reach agreements with them
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P535，13.4.2.6-会议。题干关键字：“相关方未出席该重要会议”。项目经理需要相关方确认该相关方对与目前项目决议的认同。选项D正确。项目未失控，无需上报，排除A。下次会议太消极，排除B。要先确认未参与的相关方的意见，排除C。
52、 The management committee of an international company decided to implement a new IT platform for human resources. The project has assigned a project manager and has begun to identify the stakeholders. What should the project manager do?
A：制作一幅思维导图，以确保发现所有有关的相关方和职能部门 Create a Mind-Mapping to ensure that all stakeholder and functions are found
B：让管理委员会提供该项目相关方的姓名 Let the Management Committee provide the name of the stakeholder
C：将项目发起人和项目团队成员纳入相关方名单，然后举办启动研讨会，从而发现其他相关方。 Include project sponsors and project team members in the list of stakeholders, and then hold an initiation workshop to identify other stakeholders
D：安排与人力资源部门总监开会，并让他们提供一份受影响相关方的名单 Arrange a meeting with the Director of Human Resources and have them provide a list of affected stakeholders
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P514，13.1.2.5-会议。题干中的关键字：“开始识别相关方”。根据题干中的关键字，寻找识别相关方的工具以及识别相关方的产出，选项C正确。工具无法确保发现所有相关方，太绝对，排除A。识别相关方不止于名单，还要对相关方进行分析，排除BD。
53、 In a matrix organization, the project manager's work has fallen behind schedule because key team members have not been able to commit the required time. What should the project manager do?
A：雇佣将全心投入项目工作的额外资源 Hire additional resources that will be devoted to the work on the project
B：让项目资源与其职能部门经理开会确定解决方案 Have project resources meet with functional managers to determine solutions
C：参照相关方登记册，了解如何解决资源优先级的问题 Refer to the stakeholder register to see how resource prioritization issues are addressed
D：更新进度计划，以便正确反映基于可用资源的新项目时间表。 Update the schedule to correctly reflect the schedule of new items based on available resources
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P532，13.4.1.2-相关登记册。题干关键字：“关键团队成员无法投入所需时间”。项目经理需要解决团队成员无法投入时间的问题。所以选择可能能够解决这个问题的选项，选项C正确。雇佣额外资源需要变更，排除A。和职能经理开会能解决问题，但是应该是项目经理和职能经理开会，排除B。更新项目时间表不解决资源无法投入时间的问题，排除D。
54、 At the last status meeting with stakeholders, the project team reviewed several risks. One of the stakeholders used the discussion as an excuse for not complying with the project schedule. What should the project manager do?
A：扩大该风险讨论的范围，将背景信息和潜在的减轻策略纳入其中 Broaden the scope of this risk discussion to include background information and potential mitigation strategies
B：在未来的会议中将关于风险的话题排除出去，并相应地重新拟定会议议程 Exclude risk topics from future meetings and reformulate the agenda accordingly
C：请求与相关方单独开会，讨论该反馈 Request a separate meeting with the stakeholders to discuss the feedback
D：对相关方反馈的准确性提出质疑并将该反馈上报 Question the accuracy of feedback from stakeholder and escalate the feedback
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P534，13.4.2.5-人际关系与团队技能。题目中的关键字：“一位相关方”“未遵循项目进度计划”。相关方没有可能因为误解导致没有按照计划参与项目，需要加强该相关方的参与。选择监督相关方参与的工具，选项C正确。题目问题和风险无关，排除A，直接剔除议题太绝对,排除B，项目未失控，排除D。
55、 为了保护环境，市政会正计划在该市的农村地区建设一座废物回收厂，项目经理首先应为市政会做什么？ To protect the environment, the council is planning to build a waste recovery plant in the city's rural areas. What should the project manager do first for the Council?
A：制定一份列明时间和成本估算的初步项目管理计划 Develop a preliminary project management plan with time and cost estimates
B：将项目建议书提交给市政府，请求安排预算 Submit the project proposal to the city and ask for a budget
C：聘请顾问编制该工厂的初步工程设计 Employ a consultant to prepare a preliminary engineering design for the plant
D：识别项目相关方，并分析其兴趣和潜在影响 Identify project stakeholders and analyze their interests and potential impacts
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P508,13.1-识别相关方。题目中的关键字：“市政会正计划在……建设……回收厂”“首先做什么”。由题目可知，项目处于启动阶段，在顺序上最先进行的活动。选项D正确，识别相关方。制定项目计划是规划阶段，排除A。题目中没有提到采购过程，排除B，工程设计属于执行阶段，排除C。
56、 由于全球金融条件恶劣，一家外部金融机构在项目执行阶段成为新的关键相关方，项目经理应该如何与该相关方进行互动？ Due to poor global financial conditions, an external financial institution becomes a new key stakeholder in the project execution phase. How should the project manager interact with this stakeholder?
A：令其满意 Make them satisfied
B：监督 Supervision
C：重点管理 Focus on management
D：随时告知 Inform at any time
正确答案：C
解析：利益，应为重点关注。选项C正确。其他项目都不是管理重点相关方的策略，排除ABD。
57、 At a management steering committee meeting, stakeholders apparently ignored the weekly status report, and the lack of involvement of stakeholders caused people to be uncertain about how to implement the new system training. How should the project manager ensure appropriate stakeholder involvement?
A：向相关方询问每周状态报告方面的反馈，并采纳他们的合理建议 Ask stakeholders for feedback on the weekly status report and take their reasonable suggestions
B：编制更精简的每周状态报告，更少的关注跟踪衡量指标，更多的关注进度计划 Prepare more streamlined weekly status reports, focus less on tracking metrics, and focus more on schedule planning
C：与管理层指导委员会一起查阅项目章程，帮助确保相关方获得授权 Review the project charter with the management steering committee to help ensure that stakeholder are authorized
D：将缺乏相关方参与这一点增加到风险登记册之中，并将这些信息包含在下一份状态报告中 Add the lack of stakeholder engagement to the risk register and include this information in the next status report
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P534，13.4.2.5-人际关系与团队技能-积极倾听。题干关键字：“相关方对每周状态报告显然都置之不理”“确保相关方适当的参与进来”。题目中明确相关方不愿意参与项目活动而造成后果，需要让相关方参与进来，选择监督相关方参与的工具，选项A正确。精简状态报告并不解决题目问题，排除B。项目章程是给项目经理授权，排除C。添加到风险登记册可以做为正确选项，但是后半句没有A积极，所以不选D。
58、 某项目正值执行阶段，工厂工人已被确定为新的相关方群体，为了成功交付项目目标组织成果，需要让他们参与进来。项目经理该做什么？ A project is in its execution phase and factory workers have been identified as a new stakeholder group that needs to be involved in order to successfully deliver the organizational results of the project objectives. What should the project manager do?
A：将这些相关方识别为一项执行风险，将之记入风险登记册，并制定应对措施 Identify these stakeholders as an execution risk, register them in the risk register, and develop countermeasures
B：将工厂工人列为不应纳入相关方登记册的次级相关方 Include factory workers as sub-stakeholders that should not be included in the stakeholder register
C：审核并更新相关方登记册，对其成员资格和态度的变更情况进行管理 Review and update the stakeholder register and manage changes in their membership and attitudes
D：修改项目管理计划，将该新相关方群体纳入其中 Modify the project management plan to include this new stakeholder group
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P514，13.1.3.1-相关方登记册。题干中的关键字：“确定为新的相关方”“让他们参与进来”。由题目可知识别到了新的相关方，那么首要工作就是要进行相关方分析并更新相关方登记册。选项C正确。识别新的相关方并不产生风险，排除A，相关方必须列入相关方登记册，排除B，项目管理计划相对于相关方登记册太过笼统，没有C精确，排除D。
59、 在项目规划期间，关键相关方不同意所需的测试和检查，若要解决这个问题，项目经理首先应该做什么？ What should the project manager do first to resolve the issue of key stakeholders not agreeing to the required tests and inspections during project planning?
A：安排一次相关方会议 Arrange a meeting involving the stakeholders
B：参考组织过程资产 Refer to organizational process assets
C：探索经验教训知识库 Explore lessons learned repository
D：执行成本效益分析 Execute cost-benefit analysis
正确答案：A
解析：PMBOK（6）P528，13.3.2.5-会议。题干中的关键字：“相关方不同意”。由于相关方拒绝建议，所以项目经理需要了解相关方拒绝的原因，所以和相关方安排会议沟通是正确选择，选项A正确。不知道原因的情况下，参考组织过程资产和经验教训知识库、进行成本效益分析都不会得到答案，排除BCD。
60、 一些关键相关方未能参加初步项目会议。在这次会议之后，项目经理应该做什么？ Several key stakeholders were unable to attend the preliminary project meeting. What should the project manager do after this meeting?
A：通知项目发起人 Notify the project sponsor B：执行高层级风险分析 Execute high-level risk analysis C：评估相关方参与计划 Assess stakeholder engagement plan D：评估沟通管理计划 Evaluate communications management plans
正确答案：C 你的答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P532，13.4.1.1-相关方参与计划。题干中的关键字：“一些相关方未能参加……会议”“会议之后”。题目中说相关方未能参与项目那么就需要参阅相关方参与计划，看是否合理。选项C正确。项目状态未失控，不用上报排除A，高层次风险一般用于制定项目章程，此处不适用排除B，题目中未提到相关方是因为未得到通知而不参与项目的，排除D。
61、 在收到授权的范围更新后，项目经理重新制定进度计划，项目经理下一步应该做什么？ After receiving the authorized scope update, the project manager resets the schedule. What should the project manager do next?
A：继续执行项目，然后通知发起人 Proceed with the project and notify the sponsor
B：通知相关方以获得他们的支持 Notify the stakeholders to obtain their support
C：开始项目执行，然后通知团队 Start project execution, then notify the team
D：通知团队并获得他们的支持 Notify the team and get their support
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK（6）P525，13.3.1.2-项目文件-变更日志。题目关键字：“授权的范围更新后”“重新制定进度计划”。进行了授权的更新说明项目经历了变更，那么根据管理相关方参与的要求，变更过后要通知相关方变更的信息，选项B正确。变更需要通知所有利益相关的相关方，仅通知发起人或者团队是不行的，排除ACD。
62、 一个项目已经获得批准，且团队已准备好收集需求，关键参与者和主题专家（SMEs）未能参加需求收集会议，这会影响项目的进度计划和执行。 项目经理应该做什么？ A project has been approved and the team is ready to collect requirements, however, key participants and subject matter experts (SMEs) failed to attend the requirements gathering meeting, which can affect project schedule and execution. What should the project manager do?
A：审查项目章程，并将问题升级上报给项目集经理 Review the project charter and report the issue to the program manager
B：更新资源管理计划并请求分配新的资源 Update the resource management plan and request to allocate new resources
C：在风险登记册中记录该问题，并在领导会议期间报告 Document the issue in the risk register and report it during the leadership meeting
D：参考相关方参与计划并确保资源协议得到兑换 Refer to the stakeholder engagement plan and ensure that the resource agreement is redeemed
正确答案：D
解析：PMBOK（6）P532，13.4.1.1-相关方参与计划。题干关键字：“关键参与者和主题专家未能参加需求收集会议”。相关方未参加会议，且没有提出沟通有问题，则相关方参与计划有问题或者未得到执行。选项D正确。项目章程是授权项目经理使用资源，和相关方参与无关，排除A。资源管理计划是获取资源，排除B，事情已经发生，不再是风险，排除C。
63、 一些关键相关方不能参加预定的项目开工大会，项目负责人要求项目经理继续举行会议，因为他们还要参加其他会议。项目经理应该做什么确保顺利召开项目开工大会，以便能够开始执行项目？ Some key stakeholders cannot participate in the scheduled project kick-off meeting, and the project leader asks the project manager to continue the meeting because these stakeholders have to attend other meetings. What should the project manager do to make sure the project kick-off meeting is held successfully to start execution of the project?
A：在没有太多项目相关方参与的情况下继续召开会议 Continue holding the meeting without the involvement of too many project stakeholders
B：取消会议，并单独跟进各个相关方 Cancel the meeting and follow up with all stakeholders individually
C：推迟会议，直到所有相关方和项目负责人都可以参加 Postpone the meeting until all stakeholders and project leaders are available for it
D：重新安排会议，以便除项目负责人以外的所有相关方都可以参加 Reschedule the meeting so that all stakeholders, except for the project leaders, can participate in the meeting
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P86，4.2.2.4-会议。项目开工会议通常意味着规划阶段结束和执行阶段开始，旨在传达项目目标、获得团队对项目的承诺，以及阐明每个相关方的角色和职责。开工会议不仅仅是传递信息，要拿到关键相关方的承诺，所以尽可能让所有人员能够参加会议。
64、 某大型项目的项目经理两周前举行了开工会议。会议邀请未发送给其中一位关键相关方，造成了一些误解。项目经理该做什么来应对这种情况？ The project manager of some large project started an kick-off meeting two weeks ago. The invitation to the meeting was not sent to one of the key stakeholders, creating some misunderstandings. What should the project manager do to deal with this scenario?
A：将启动会议演示文稿和摘要发送给相关方 Send the launch meeting presentation and summary to the stakeholder
B：请项目发起人与相关方会面，确定他们对项目的目标及期望 Invite the project sponsor to meet with the stakeholder to determine its objectives and expectations for the project
C：与未受邀参加启动会议的相关方举行审查会议 Hold a review meeting with stakeholders who were not invited to the kick-off meeting
D：让相关方相信这是错误，但了解项目的目标非常重要 Convince the stakeholder that this is a mistake, but it is also important to understand the objectives of the project
正确答案：C
解析：PMBOK（6）P86，4.2.2.4-会议。项目开工会议通常意味着规划阶段结束和执行阶段开始，旨在传达项目目标、获得团队对项目的承诺，以及阐明每个相关方的角色和职责。开工会议不仅仅是传递信息，要拿到关键相关方的承诺，所以只考虑补发信息是不足的，排除选项AD。选项B，对相关方的管理是项目经理的责任。
65、 A project manager has a team of diverse professionals with different backgrounds.During project execution,the project manager notices that one team member is struggling with completing tasks on time and meeting quality expectations. What should the project manager do to address this issue?
A：安排与团队召开每日会议，以获得所有成员的更新 Schedule daily meetings with the team to obtain updates from all members.
B：与该团队成员私下会面，讨论其绩效并确定解决方案 Meet privately with the team member to discuss their performance and identify a solution.
C：将该绩效问题升级上报给管理层 Escalate the performance issue to management.
D：为该团队成员提供更多时间来适应项目任务 Give the team member more time to project tasks.
正确答案：B
解析：PMBOK(6)9.5 管理团队。管理团队的过程中，遇到团队成员的问题，都是先私下处理，如果还是解决不了必要时再提升处理级别。 其他选项：A不能解决个人问题，C没必要上报，D先了解原因，再采取措施